Postgraduate Specialisation in Sport and Exercise Medicine

Syllabus

Group 1

Essential background
Biochemistry of energy metabolism (aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, concepts of exoergonic and endoergonic reactions, free energy); anatomy and histology of skeletal muscle

Topics
1. The approach to the study of muscle bioenergetics in vivo in humans;
2. Oxidative processes in the light of muscle bioenergetics;
3. Steady-state oxygen consumption (applications, efficiency concept);
4. The maximum oxygen consumption;
5. The deficit (or contracted debt of O2);
6. Regulation of oxidative metabolism
7. Lactate during submaximal exercise
8. The lactate concentration and exercise intensity
9. The lactate concentration and duration of exercise-MLSS
10. Production speed and lactate disposal speed
11. The concept of the lactate quill
12. The lactate membrane carriers
13. The energy balance of an exercise performed with a stable high lactate concentration
14. Identification of the "anaerobic" threshold
15. Lactate during the supramaximal exercise and the energy equivalent of lactate
16. Maximum power and alactacid anaerobic capacity (meaning and measurement methods)

Group 2

Essential background
Physiology and anatomy of the cardiovascular system

Topics
1. The determinants of maximum oxygen consumption according to Fick's equation
2. Stroke volume, heart rate and cardiac output during muscle exercise
3. Determinants of stroke volume during muscle exercise
4. The arteriovenous difference of oxygen during the exercise
5. Blood pressure responses during the dynamic exercise
6. Redistribution of cardiac output during exercise
7. Functional vasodilation of muscle vessels; sympatholysis
8. The permissive meaning of the resetting of the baroceptive reflex
9. Control of cardiovascular responses during exercise (central command, metaboreflex)

Assessment methods and criteria

The exam will consist of an oral interview on the topics covered during the lectures