Epidemiology and statistics - STATISTICA PER LA RICERCA SPERIMENTALE
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Course organization
The student will learn to:
1.Measure disease frequency by computing prevalence and incidence
2.Evaluate the health effects of risk factors, by computing risk difference, relative risk and odds ratio
3.Compare mortality among populations with different age-sex structure by direct and indirect standardization
4.Assess a cause-effect relation in the epidemiological field.
5.Describe characteristics, indications, usefulness and limitations of main epidemiological studies (cross-sectional, cohort and case-control studies)
6.Read and critically appraise articles in the epidemiological field.
INTRODUCTION TO EPIDEMIOLOGY
Definition of Epidemiology: epidemiology as the science of prevention. Epidemiologic transition during the XX century.
Outcome, parameter of occurrence, determinant, occurrence relation
MEASURES OF DISEASE FREQUENCY
The disease as a status or an event: prevalence and incidence
Cumulative incidence and incidence rate
Relation between incidence, duration and prevalence
MEASURES OF ASSOCIATION
Risk Difference, Relative Risk, Etiologic fraction, Odds Ratio
STANDARDIZATION
Direct and indirect standardization
CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP IN EPIDEMIOLOGY
Deterministic and probabilistic approach to cause-effect relationship.
Hill’s causal criteria, Rothman’s “causal pie model”.
Confounder and effect modifier.
MAIN ERRORS IN EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES
Random error
Systematic error: information, selection and confounding bias.
MAIN TYPES OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES
Cross-sectional study
Cohort study
Case-control study
Ecological study
Controlled clinical trials
| Reference books | |||||
| Author | Title | Publisher | Year | ISBN | Note |
| Jekel JF, Katz DL, Elmore JG, Wild DMG | Epidemiologia, Biostatistica e Medicina Preventiva | Elsevier-Masson | 2009 | ||
The written examination will consist of about 25 multiple choice questions with 5-8 possible answers, and one exercise of Epidemiology on a simple data set. Wrong answers to the written examination will be orally discussed with the student.
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Verona University
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Statistics
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