The course will consider the knowledge of the biochemical processes implicated in muscle cell functioning in a vision that integrates the entire organism. The student will learn to correlate the thermodynamic and kinetic features of the biochemical reactions belonging to the metabolism, including their enzymatic regulation, with the physiological responses to exercise in the absence or presence of various types of training.
Energetic macromolecules and kinetic structure of the biochemical pathways: principles of the metabolic control of enzymes involved in the production of energy during physical exercise; equilibrium reactions and non equilibrium reactions, flux generating reactions, direction of a metabolic pathway; enzymes catalyzing flux generating reactions, the lactate dehydrogenase as an example.
Metabolic activity of the skeletal muscle: aerobic metabolism, alactic and lactic metabolism during the physical exercise; phosphocreatine and lactate; Cori Cycle.
Metabolism of carbohydrates: the effects on exercise and training in skeletal muscle.
Metabolism of amino-acids and proteins: the effects on exercise and training in skeletal muscle.
Metabolism of lipids: the effects on exercise and training in skeletal muscle.
Focus on some key enzymes that regulate energy metabolism after a training session.
Metabolic alterations in pathological conditions.
To overcome the exam, students must demonstrate that they have understood the basic concepts of biochemistry, biological macromolecules and metabolic transformations. The exam consists of a written test with multiple choice questions and open questions, to be briefly answered in a limited space, covering the didactic content throughout the course. The final score will be expressed in thirty's (/30) and the exam will be passed if the overall assessment of the course is greater than or equal to 18/30.
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