Teaching code

4S000341

Credits

6

Coordinator

Maurizio Cantini

Language

Italian

Moodle Seminars 0

The teaching is organized as follows:

Learning outcomes

The course is intended for students of the degree course in biomedical laboratory techniques, it is based on two distinct modules: that of clinical pathology (the classic laboratory medicine) and that of immunohematology and hemostasis, with the aim of giving evidence of the close connection and interaction between the technical-diagnostic activities and the pathologies treated. At the end of the course, the student is required to prove that he or she has acquired satisfactory skills regarding: planning of a technical-diagnostic course, evaluation of the results obtained through the application of laboratory methods, correct interpretation of the investigations carried out. MODULO IMMUNOEMATOLOGIA ED EMOSTASI Provide theoretical knowledge and acquire skills and attitudes to meet the expectations of immunohematology laboratory diagnostic services within the Transfusion Medicine Operations Unit. To this end, the Immunohematology and Hemostasis Module is closely linked to that of Immunohematology Methods and Techniques, which, along with that of Clinical Pathology, is part of the overall teaching of Diagnostic Methodologies of Clinical Pathology. MODULO METODI E TECNICHE DI IMMUNOEMATOLOGIA The student will acquire fundamental methods and techniques of Immunohaematology erythrocyte as well as procedures on collection, processing and storage of hemocomponentes. MODULO PATOLOGIA CLINICA Educational objectives: 1. Provide some evidence of the role of Laboratory Medicine in the recognition and treatment of human diseases, using as an example "Tromoembolic diseases and hemorrhagic diseases". 2. Provide tools for the assessment of diagnostic accuracy and interpretation of results with respect to the diagnostic problem.

Program

• Programme.
• The Organization of a Blood Transfusion Service. Italian and european guidelines and regulations. Characteristics and requirements of the Blood Transfusion Services.
• The immune system: immune response to transfusions, biological characteristics and functions of antibodies. Antigen-antibody reaction and agglutination: biological bases.
• ABO Blood Group System: biochemistry, genetics and phenotype; ABO blood types and variants.
• Antibodies directed against ABO blood group antigens: methods to detect these antibodies and clinical significance.
• Rh Blood Group System: history and clinical aspects of Rh Blood Group System; molecular bases of Rh antigens, biochemistry. D antigen and other Rh Blood Group System antigens; alloantibodies that recognize D antigen and other Rh antigens.
• Erythrocyte Alloimmunization: the main mechanisms involved in the alloimmunization; mechanisms of recognition and presentation of antigen, the primary antibody reaction and the production of high affinity IgG antibodies when antigen rechallenges. Immunogenic properties of the main Blood Group System antigens.
• The antiglobulin test (or Coombs’ test): mechanism, direct and indirect antiglobulin tests. The clinical use of these tests in immunohematology and laboratory methods. Antibodies defined as “cold” or “warm”.
• Transfusion practice: pre-transfusion testing and selection of blood for transfusion.
• Direct antiglobulin Test positive and autoantibodies: clinical significance and management of patients with autoantibodies.
• Alloantibodies identification.
• The main transfusion reactions.
• Hemolytic disease in the newborn.

Bibliography

Examination Methods

Because of the particular situation related to the emergency COVID 19, the exam will be carried out as "distance examination" on the platform ZOOM in "oral ZOOM" mode for all three modules: IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY AND HEMOSTASIS, METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY, CLINICAL PATHOLOGY.
If the conditions should allow us to come back to presence, it will be restored the mode used in the last years, in which the oral evaluation was preceded by a written test with multiple choice (32 questions concerning the IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGY AND HEMOSTASIS MODULES and IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGY METHODS AND TECHNIQUES and 8 questions concerning the CLINICAL PATHOLOGY MODULE), with at least 75% oral acceptance with correct answers (30 out of 40). In this case, admission to the oral exam takes place with at least 75% of correct answers (30 out of 40).