Pathophysiology applied at Nursing - FARMACOLOGIA GENERALE
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Course organization
Aim of the unit of General Pharmacology within the course of Application Physiopathology at Nursing is to give basics related to mechanism and use of drugs, with reference to pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacovigilance. Basic concepts in pharmacology are preparatory for the nurse’s role in the management and surveillance of pharmacological therapies an in patient’s education in the use of drugs. The general pharmacology module is preparatory to the study of each class of drugs, which starts from the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial drugs in this module and will be completed in clinical pharmacology module.
Basic principles in Pharmacology and introduction to the drugs in the market
Definition of drug, active substance, pharmaceutical product, vehicle, eccipient, the placebo effect
Evaluation of the drugs’ efficacy: the randomized clinical trial
Different sources of drugs. How the drugs enter in the market
Bioequivalent and biosimilar drugs
The italian market for drugs. The drug prescription: fascia A e C, OTC and SOP drugs, different type of prescriptions
Indications and contraindications. The off-label use
How to measure the drug use: the DDD
Pharmacodynamic
Basic principles of the mechanism of action of drugs (drug’s receptor, drug-receptor interaction: agonism and antagonism)
Pharmacokinetic
Drug’s absorption. Main characteristics of different drug administration routes: advantages and disadvantages. The bioavailability of drugs. Food-drugs interactions
The drugs’ distribution in the body. Factors that can influence the drugs’ distribution: the blood-brain and placentar barriers
Characteristics of drug metabolism. Enzyme induction and inhibition
Drug’s clearance. Factors that may alter influence drug’s clearance
Definition and meaning of dose, maximum dose, daily dose, dosing, therapeutic index, clearance, half-life, peak blood levels, therapeutic range, toxic concentrations, accumulation
Relationship between plasma concentrations of drugs and their action
Factors to be taken into account in determining the dose of a drug, and in the case of repeated administrations, the dosing interval.
How to calculate pharmaceutical doses.
Pharmacotherapy
Basics of risk/benefit and cost/benefit analyses for drugs. Adverse drug reactions: mechanisms and risk factors. The spontaneous reporting system of adverse drug reactions: regulation and role for nurses
Antibacterial drugs: general issues and characteristics of the main classes of antibacterial drugs
Basics of antivirals and vaccines
Non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Text book
Conforti, Cuzzolin, Leone, Moretti, Pignataro, Taglialatela, Vanzetta. Farmacologia per le professioni sanitarie, Sorbona Editore 2018
| Reference books | |||||
| Author | Title | Publisher | Year | ISBN | Note |
| Anna Maria DI Giulio, Silvano Gabriele Cella | Farmacologia generale e speciale per le lauree sanitarie (Edizione 2) | Piccin | 2018 | 9788829929429 | |
| Taglialatela Conforti Cuzzolin Leone Mattioli Moretti Pignataro Vanzetta | Farmacologia per le lauree triennali e magistrali II Edizione (Edizione 2) | Sorbona | 2019 | ||
Written test with multiple choice questions
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